Civil rights movement for African-Americans - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1211 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2019/03/22 Category History Essay Level High school Tags: Civil Rights Movement Essay Did you like this example? Since the creation of the United States of America, the topic of race has been a predominant issue. When you go to the bathroom, a restaurant, or even get a drink from the water fountain, there is not a sign that says Whites only or Colored on it. If these events still happen today, riots, killings, lawsuits, strike and every other form of civil unrests are imaginable. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Civil rights movement for African-Americans" essay for you Create order It would be a nightmare and a disaster for most of us.The Civil Rights Movement was a span of time when the African Americans endeavor was to acquire their constitutional rights of which they were being deprived. A commendable bearing of that movement was the unachievable triumph that the blacks sought after and built. Its leaders were extremists and used their influence to provoke the American people to abolish segregation among all races. To start with, Rosa Parks also known as the mother of the civil rights movement, revitalized the struggle of racial equality when she refused to give up her seat on the bus to a white man in Montgomery, Alabama. She was inspired by Claudette Colvin to be one of the extremist and to take action in order to make change. Over the years, she had repeatedly disobeyed bus segregation regulations. She was arrested, fingerprinted, and incarcerated. When Parks agreed to have her case contested, it became a cause c? ©lbre in the fight against Jim Crow laws. Her trial for this act of civil disobedience triggered the Montgomery Bus Boycott, one of the largest and most successful mass movements against racial segregation in history, and launched Martin Luther King, Jr., one of the organizers of the boycott, to the forefront of the civil rights movement that fostered peaceful protests to Jim Crow laws. People always say that I didnt give up my seat because I was tired, but that isnt true. I was not tired physically No, the only tired I was, was tired of giving in (Parks ). Parkss act of courage in Montgomery, Alabama sparked the push to look squarely at the discrimination victimizing Alabamas black people, and to end segregation. She took the risk and got arrested to earn freedom for the young. She did not bother to care if others disapproved her as long as she was able to teach world the right and wrong. Racism is still with us. But it is up to us to prepare our children for what they have to meet, and, hopefully, we shall overcome (Parks). Her belief on freedom motivated others to look back and actually see the outside world of what is going on. Nevertheless, her refusal to give up her seat to a white man also created a legacy she never could have foreseen. Extremists like Rosa Parks can contribute to political revolution in defence of black lives nationally and around the world. Furthermore, Martin Luther King Jr. inspired many people through his words and actions. King was a great Civil Rights leader who gave his life in the name of freedom. He was a social activist who stood up for the American dream. He practiced everything that he preached, he did not preach or speak values that he himself did not follow. However, he was arrested when he and others were protesting for racial segregation in Birmingham, Alabama. As he sat in the jail, he wrote the Letter from Birmingham. It was written in the margins of a letter posted by the clergymen of Alabama, at this time that sparked his interest and while he inhabited the jail cell for parading around without a permit. This time allowed him the ability to respond to this cynical oppressing. In the letter Letter from Birmingham, king repeats the word extremists. This is in response to being called an extremists and he does and excellent job turning it around in his favor. Will we be extremist for hate or for love? Will be be extremist for the preservation of injustice or for the extension of justice? (King 31). The repetition of the word extremist potentially diminishes the negative connotation associated with being an extremists. For example, he called Jesus an extremist and by doing so king made it seem that everyone went to their extremes to fight for their goal. By doing this he also pointed out that the highest authority in terms of men was an extremist which gave him a certain amount of respect. He persuaded the audience to trust and respect him for the American dream. My fellow clergymen (King 3). He appears to ethos by having his audience understand him in his role as a religious leader. His image as a religious figure tends to be seen as trustworthy,moral, and believable. In addition, King references teachings from renowned Greek philosophers such as Socrates, further establishing his credibility to morals and common sense. He addressed his audience with by treating them as equals in status and stature. It is also significant due to the fact that King was in the jail at the time he wrote his letter. Martin Luther King jr.s powerful letter influenced CONNECT BACK TO THESIS How he protested the white moderates with words and actions. He was put into jail with protest. Make sure to relate back to the thesis In addition, Robert F.Kennedy was able to calm the crowd with his power of words when addressing a distressed audience about Dr.Martin Luther King Jr.s assassination. Kennedy was a presidential candidate and recognized for his speech announcing Martin Luther King Jr.s death titled the Kennedy Remarks. He fought for racial equality and provided critical help in passing the landmark Civil Rights Act of 1964. The fears of riots and concerns for his safety, Kennedy went ahead with plans to attend a rally at 17th and Broadway in the heart of Indianapoliss African-American ghetto. Instead of the rousing campaign speech that everyone had expected, Kennedy offered brief, impassioned remarks for peace that are considered to be one of the great public addresses of the modern era. I had a member of my family killed, but he was killed by a white man. But we have to make an effort in the United States, we have to make an effort to understand, to go beyond these rather difficult times (Kennedy). Kennedy relates to the crowds greif of Kings death by mentioning one of his family members death. He wanted America to realize that it is not for them to lash out in violence and hatred, but to try, love and understand. We can do well in this country. We will have difficult times; weve had difficult times in the past; we will have difficult times in the future (Kennedy). Kennedy wanted to point out that we are together as a nation. That we need to solve and fight together when there is a conflict. Kennedy performed his speech in a very dangerous situation where anything could have happened to him which tells us that he went extreme to fight for the American dream, for the freedom. The power of our words can help to influence one another in times of need. These leaders put an end to segregation by standing out for what was right and calm people when tragedy struck

The Commonwealth Of Australia Constitution Act - 2313 Words

Introduction In order to know whether or not the Justice Knows No Walls Reform Act (â€Å"the Act†) can be constitutionally applied to the States. We need to consider if the Act will interfere or restrict the States power over prisons. In Queensland there is already a legislation that protects the rights of prisoners this is the Queensland Corrective Services Act 2006 (QCAct). The Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act (Constitution) has to support the implementation of the Act and/or its purpose without affecting the rights of the State law, what also needs to be taken into consideration is the nature of the ri7lghts, duties, powers and privileges which it changes, regulates or abolishes Fairfax v Federal Commissioner of Taxation (1965) 114 CLR 1. The States are allowed to make laws that are required within their state. The Constitution left most of the other law-making powers to the states so they are able to define the Federal laws. If a specific area of law falls within the States Powers and the Federal Government wish to make laws concerning any of the States area of expertise, the Federal Government needs to have an agreement with the States. State laws relate to matters that are mainly of state interest such schools; hospitals; roads and railways; public transport; utilities such as electricity and water supply; mining and agriculture; forests; community services; consumer affairs; police; prisons; ambulance services. There are some area’s which the FederalShow MoreRelatedThe Division Of Law-making Powers In Australia1258 Words   |  4 PagesAustralia s Federal System is dynamic and the division of lawmaking power between the Commonwealth and State since 1901 has changed dramatically; Critically discuss, focussi ng on the major reasons for those changes. On the first of January 1901 Australia became a federation when the Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act came into force. 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The High Court is split into three levels depending on the number of justices and what is being heard; the High Court (1 justice), The Full Court of the High Court (not less than two justices) and the Full Bench of the High Court (5-7 justices). The main role of the High Court is to interpret the Constitution. The ConstitutionRead MoreHuman Rights And The Constitution : Property Rights1388 Words   |  6 PagesRights and the Constitution: Property Rights The High Court of Australia recently ruled in favour of the Commonwealth government in the cigarette plain packaging case, JT International and British American Tobacco v Commonwealth (2012) 291 ALR 669. The cigarette manufacturers had argued that plain packaging laws constitute an ‘acquisition of property’ (eg, trade marked logos and images on cigarette boxes) not on ‘just terms’. Was this a good outcome? Should the Australian Constitution protect propertyRead MoreThe Australian Constitution Essay1027 Words   |  5 PagesThe Australian Constitution Will Australia become a republic in the next twenty years? This is a difficult question to speculate on. The main area of law governing this issue is section 128 of the Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act 1900 (U.K). Other issues in this debate are regarding appointment, termination and the powers to be awarded to the proposed Head of State, and the impact the change will have on the States. Examining the history of Australian Legislative powers, and reasonsRead MoreThe Division and Separation of Power944 Words   |  4 Pagesof the Constitution. This role is dividing power between the state and Commonwealth parliaments. This division is separated into three powers, Residual, Concurrent, and Exclusive. 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Rather rights may be found across the Constitution, common law and legislation – Acts passed by the Commonwealth Parliament or State or Territory Parliaments. This allows legislatures and judiciaries a complementary role in protecting rights. This is the most fluid and flexible system but the least secure in termsRead MoreThe Power Of Independent Governance1629 Words   |  7 Pagestreaties with Australia as subservient to Britain on the international stage an d there onwards has increased in width mirroring Australia’s growing independence from the United Kingdom, transitioning from a cluster of colonies into a fully sovereign State after which tethering itself on to the international community. Years after federation, the many decades have matured the Constitution, Chief Justice Barwick aptly made an apt retrospective analyses â€Å"Whilst the new Commonwealth was upon its creation

The purpose of doing this is to analyze the disease history Free Essays

Like all little children whenever I saw my weak mother suffering from ill health I had dreams of being a doctor. But adulthood brought some self realization and I knew that this was not the chosen profession for me. I was scared of blood and the sight of it brought nausea and giddiness in me. We will write a custom essay sample on The purpose of doing this is to analyze the disease history or any similar topic only for you Order Now Dreams of taking a knife or an injection died a natural death. As I had an aptitude for numbers and was confident of my logical thinking, I opted for Mathematics and statistics as my undergraduate major and computer science as minor. For the past five years I have been studying mathematics and statistics in University I have been involved in some projects related to the medical field. In these projects, I used SPSS, MiniTab, SAS to generate meaningful statistical information including the comparison of means and proportions and investigation of relationships between variables using regression. Currently I am involved in a project focusing on historical census records. The purpose of doing this is to analyze the disease history of the family that would enable doctors to adopt preventive measures for future generations. The summer of 2007, when I met a girl from the CHE department in the course of my work in a Diabetes program reinforced the idea that I should pursue this MSc CHE program and base my future career on this. That was the first reason for my choice of this program and Dalhousie University. The MSc Program in Community Health and Epidemiology would enhance my knowledge, analytical skills and formal evaluative methods with application to disease prevention, health promotion and assessment of community health service and system needs. After successful completion of this program I would have honed my skills in a broad range of community health and epidemiology research studies, intervention programs and policy development efforts. Faculty members in the Department of Community Health and Epidemiology in Dalhousie have backgrounds in a number of disciplines and have contributed tremendously to Health Research and Health Promotion. The associate professors who are the fulltime faculty here have a reputation that has added to my reasons for the choice of this school. One of my desires is to be under the expert guidance of Associate Professor Judith Guernsey. Her Ph.D. Preventive Medicine and Environmental Health, her research interests and activities where there is a heavy focus on the health of rural communities have particularly appealed to me because I feel that this is an indication of true social awareness. My interests are in the areas of addiction and health of women and when I read that The research interests of Associate professor Susan Kirkland include Women’s Health, Aging, Health Services and Osteoporosis I consider this as a great opportunity to interact with her, and I have heard a lot about her lectures. I look forward to gaining admission in this school and be benefited by her lectures on Advanced Epidemiology. I have also read about the research activities of George Kephart and I would be fortunate to be exposed to professional caliber of such superior kind. I also look forward to taking the course on Biostatistics which would be handled by Associate Professor Gordon Flowerdew. I would like to further enhance my training in Mathematics and statistics because I have been doing well in these subjects and am confident of rising up to the standards of all these seasoned experts Modern population-based health management is complex, requiring a multiple set of medical, political, technological, mathematical skills of which epidemiological practice and analysis is a core component that is unified with management science to provide efficient and effective health care and health guidance to a population. This task requires the forward looking ability of modern risk management approaches that transform health risk factors, incidence, prevalence and mortality statistics (derived from epidemiological analysis) into management metrics that not only guide how a health system responds to current population health issues, but also how a health system can be managed to better respond to future potential population health issues. My diligent work in this educational program where I intend to make full use of the opportunity given by the course curriculum would enable me to pursue a longstanding career in the field of community health. The field of epidemiology would allow me to contribute to the medical profession, in a way that would suit my temperament too, because this is in the medical field, but without going through the tough first hands on experience of a doctor or a nurse. My interest and grounding in statistics would come in handy because the program enables the student to critically appraise, evaluate and design community health and epidemiological research studies and programs through the use of appropriate research methodologies and sources of information. After successful completion of this program I would be competent enough to effectively communicate my knowledge to the public and other health professionals and this would help my career objective My short term is to get into CHE program, then get the master’s degree; long term plan is to work as a researcher and analyst in the medical field area. I would also try to become a health protection practitioner, working in different settings and combating outbreaks of disease. How to cite The purpose of doing this is to analyze the disease history, Papers

Negotiation and Conflict Management Impact on Project Measures

Question: Discuss about the Negotiation and Conflict Management for the Impact on Project Measures. Answer: Introduction In this paper the objective is for offering the review that is inclusive on the conflict management that is literature based. Here as per subsequent discussion, we will describe first the conflict concept; the evaluation will get trailed to the conflict of team for moments. It also experiences the conflicts for the team, and also fairness the CEO technical, the relationship among conflict both affective and conflict, sequentially. As per the conclusion for review of the conflict literature, in the end of this report, we will recommend the model of study so that it get inspired empirically in the whole report. The topic which was chosen is very vast in nature and the topic is conflicts management and we tried best for concluding deeply by just giving the review of literature and the model that are used for conflict managing. Literature Review The purpose of Hocker Wilmot was that they want to carry out the relationships that were complicated into their workplace and thus effectively learn and managed the conflict in the personal life. Thus the stress for studying the significance the conflict for reducing the conflict cycles that is negative and would cause damage that is irreparable in both of the professional and personal lives. Most of the conducted would determine the effect for emotions, expectations, culture and perception that have the management of conflict. Here, we would examine especially the articles under eight scholarly that were related in assessing number of topics that would contribute the design for conflict policy with resolution/management. We will review primary the article that was created by Carver, Laurenceau and Avivi (2009) based on the relationship among progress and perceived sharing of the goal towards the objective and perceived quality of relationship in the romantic couples that were committed. Thus, the studies were conducted with 245 students who are an undergraduate who completed all the questions by addressing the goals that were undesired or desired and rate the goal maturity with their partners. This study would examine connection among overall relationship quality and share the perceived goal. The study would reveal that the conflicts in marital status were based on goals from defensive individuals and it also states that the couples are much more productive when the pursued goals are pursued as they both are together working. This study will focus mainly on mutual goals perception and towards objectives the progress perception. When the individual states that their partner will share general objectives and then they are making progress to the goals which are shared, the overall relationship is very strong and couples are much satisfied and happier. This study mainly focused on the couples who got involved romantically. It states that above assumptions will help the relationship to get happy. Thus we can conclude that team will work better in the environment when they shared the goals together. Now, another article which we are dealing now belongs to conflict and perception management. These articles were developed by Wilson Longaretti in the year 2006. This article, which is based on the conflict and perceptions management for setting of the primary school among teacher and students. The major disadvantages of the above study are that it consists of the samples that are small thus the findings are not able to get generalized. Total incidents that were covered in this study are 40 which splits as 10 teacher yelling cases, 14 cases were based on decisions imposed, 2 cases were based on actions taken physically and 4 cases are based on punishment and blaming. It was clear from the study that negative opinion from the teachers about the student will create conflict and thus they assume for an authoritative stance for these conflict dealing. It was the view from the study that negative view will create conflict among both student and teachers and thus for resolving the conflict very few strategies range were used. When conflict is very constructive, then focuses of the parties are on problem-solving and this will play a significant role in the social development of the child. Thus studies state that values were taught to the children that are non-aggressive and cooperative they will build better skills of communication and higher esteem. Thus it was clear that childrens should teach by teachers on how to manage more productively the disputes and while doing such activity environment of the classroom becomes conductive to development and learning. This whole study will translate the environment of work because the relationship among teacher-student will reflect the relationship of employer-employee where there is a relationship of superior and subordinate. There is an idea which the above study supports is that employees should get permission from an employer for managing their disputes very constructively and provide solution works jointly. Thus it will build environment of work that is very conducive to innovation and growth. The next two articles which were examined here were based on the role of the emotions in the process of conflict. The two articles were created by Caldwell and Bain-Chekal, Schroth in the year 2005 and the names are Words and phrases that trigger emotions in negotiations and their effect: Sticks and stones may break bones and words can hurt me. These articles will analyze how words of emotion will trigger and impact the process negotiation. Schroth conducted the study that expands on the research that show that emotional state of the party would influence the behavior of other parties in any dispute, especially when the state of emotional is very negative. The first of the study were conducted by 308 students who are under-graduate from the two universities of west-coast. Then from the survey, it was concluded that what is the reason which led to an emotional response. Thus in this study, researchers recognized some of the specific words which were used for evoking the emotional resp onse negotiation. In the other study which we have mentioned above, in that researchers gained the information from 221 students who are undergraduate again from same universities. In this case, participants are reviewing situation of conflict among two of the financial people. Participants were split in 2 parts; one part will review the deal of dispute that as based on agreement of rent-sharing and other parts will review the case where Chris and Pat are business partners. The outcome of the research proves that two things are caused by trigger words: More likely the observers for believing that doing negotiation will become the success. Observers found that party perceives those are using trigger words are very unfair. This was concluded that its very important to understand what are trigger for words to use which show emotions and thus help in regulating any of the conflict the process. Conclusion Not all the above articles which were reviewed here will give information that will get translated directly into the effective policy of the conflict management. But every article that were used will give insight to the effective ways in which conflict management got handled; it also has the emotions that were included and the words of the trigger that will set the emotions off. The above articles also provide insight into the impact of perception and sharing of goal in any relationship, also any impact on the conflict styles and silent conflict differences across various cultures. All the above information that is provided is important in some of the ways towards development through the plan of the conflict management. Conflict management played a key role to define a team success or failure. A project Manager needs to know what to do and how to do to resolve the conflict and this should not impact project health or impact should be on the positive side. Part2 Introduction The team of the project is generally defined as 2 for more than people with few common purposes who undertake various tasks, contingent on each other, synchronize the activities, and understand themselves as the portion of the group. Project groups incline to contain the individuals with the dissimilar background that means; more awareness from various objects can get additional to the task. Additionally, this unavoidably originates with the project members having dissimilar viewpoints on tasks prominent to likely conflicts. Conflict management is a taught job that should get done by every individual while working on any project. There are various case studies available in the market that supports the methods to handle conflicts. Here we will try to create a model that can helpful in future to conflict management by using certain tools and techniques. The purpose of this section is to link theoretical models and research to product an effective model to manage conflicts. Approach Conflict Management a resolution technique is related to the dual disquiet model distributed into concern the concern and self for others. From these reasons Desivilya et al. (2005) explains following five main of the conflict management techniques: Dominating In this type a person is high concerns about himself rather than others Obliging This is the opposite of dominating where person concerns high about others and less for himself. Avoiding In This person dont care concerns about himself or about others. Integrating In these person concerns high about himself and about others as well. Compromising - This technique person has a reasonable concern for himself and for other. We too often follow passive technique to resolve conflicts. This is the best method to resolve any conflict and best way for conflict management. In this newly identified technique, we need to obligate and avoid based on the situation of conflict. Before making a choice between obligate and avoid we should understand deeply when to use what. Sometimes we may not understand when to avoid and when to oblige due to emotions. Emotions are major factor when it originates to conflicts management. Any conflicts consist of 3 key things such as attitude, behavior and contradictions. For a successful conflict management we should follow the below steps: First, we should classify the conflict foundations, feelings, behaviors contradictions. After getting gall the required information we should transform by changing the alignment of the conflict and provide correct information or explain the elements to the different parties involved in conflicts. At last providing or implementing a solution which is the result of changing the elements permits transformation of the conflict way. We called this new technique as dynamic conflicts management in which we first remove any kind of emotions associated with this and then we need to choose obligate or avoid as a solution. To overcome the emotions from the situation we need to follow the method of perspective talking. By perspective talking sometimes both the parties come to an accepted point to resolve the conflict and emotions will less involve. If the conflicts are adapted to emotions, viewpoint taking supports that one attempts to realize the feeling of the other individual about their lookout and conflict. Perspective communication strains that one creates exertion of tapping himself in others place and to observe on conflicts from changed lookout than just his own. In conclusion, the major problem is to deal with this when it arises with perspective taking that this is only differing party to the clash that will get express if perspective communication that is doing really works. Similar to this conflict management we can also use negations as a part of conflict management. During this, negotiator has to view the connection among the outcome and the situation. During this we should link different level of interactions with motivational source and intensity. Communication is another play a key role at the time of negotiation. Active communication is conferring to Donohue (2003, p.173) grounded on quantity, quality, relevancy and the behavior. When negotiations become complex or result is uncertain then cognitive capability is more vital to follow. Tools: Logical argument mapping and feedback are the 2 major tools that can used to understand and resolve the conflicts for both situations either obliged or avoid. In logical argument mapping, we encourage reflection and develop communication to share standpoints. By using logical argument mapping tool we should get capable for generating the map where weaknesses of an argument can get visible and discovered. Hoffmann (2005, p.318) explains ,there are 2 key uses of Logical argument mapping, to win disagreement by founding an argumentation or over collaboration originate to the shared thoughts and the settlement. Logical argument mapping is on the grounded for essential knowledge that anyone would require something would get prepared to offer a cause for it which is, they should capable and prepared to express a disagreement. The main aims with Logical argument mapping are to create argumentation that is well-organized by Inspiring self-reflexivity. Feedback is also a tool that is encountered positively in the discussions. One should however, contend that response is imperfect at the level that this can only be used as a protective measure. Feedback is a tool that can used for individual growth likelihood to alter behavior that has an adverse influence on the group of the project. Feedback may get linked in most of the dissimilar forms such as meetings, questionnaires. The Project manager can decide which tool to get used, the imperative portion is the consequence and how this was utilized for development that eventually are founded on every person's wish for development. Logical argument mapping is not comprised on daily activities of a company or project. Logical argument mapping can debatably be utilized when the conflict includes the larger quantity of people, groups and possibly primarily project teams within the firms. Therefore Logical argument mapping is a tool that in the direct is suitable for greater conflicts within the project teams. Similarly, for the small size of teams feedback plays a key role while managing the conflicts. The Project manager should get neutral while providing or taking the feedback and then resolve the conflict situation. Conclusion: The paper has revealed that conflicts are very different as per individual. As per this study conflicts escalation foundation is in its expressive involvement. If the conflicts focused on the person it has a greater risk of intensification and to change to becoming dysfunctional. Whereas if conflicts are related to the task then this will lead to an enhanced group working and reduced tension among people in the group of the project. Hence the manager of the project should get tangled in the task-focused clashes to the level that it paybacks to project. With this paper, this has exposed that management of conflict can get separated into 2 areas, management of conflicts and anticipation of conflicts. The feedback may be tallied as a precautionary tool to help progress project person behavior and to make sure that the thoughts and state of mind is conceded on over precise communication. The role of project manager comprises working with defensive tools like feedback. Addition to this, the project manager should observe the work assigned and done by project group and make sure that sensitive accused matters dont go forward to the conflict that could mature and become dysfunctional. A project manager that are competent should get capable for understand the conflict from a self-determining perspective that was carried forward with the help of the interviews or perspective talks and underlined in the hypothetical background to solve a conflict. Apart from this, the leader of project or team leader has to get capable deciding the design of resolution for making processes, so that it can govern if the fast time-saving choice should get occupied or whether to include the individual group and inspire fairness. At last, manager of the project would vigorously work with emerging the project group over tools such as feedback and thus for accomplishing the conflicts with involvement that are emotional. The 1st step for becoming the conflict manager that is competent is to get responsive ones weaknesses, conduct and conflict causes. The 2nd step is to get capable to set oneself in the others place and to realize the conflicts from a self-governing perspective.. Further research As per the future research, this would get considered as very interesting for applying the suggested techniques in the above thesis through the workshops or when the conflict would arise in the team of the project. Through the workshop with the two of the parties that are opposing, they will effects whether it is positive and negative could get revealed but that is most of the beneficial would get applied for the methods in the conflict that are real. Moreover, various cultures of the company based on the organizational structures would appropriate more for the specific technique over other, in this report, it was difficult and diffuses for executing but it will support the further conflict management development. Finally, the standardized for developing the process of feedback that was based on the meetings and questionnaires and perhaps straight for discussion with open with other areas that would get highlighted for the future in the research. References Schroth, H., Bain-Chekal, J., Caldwell, D. (2005). Sticks and stones may break bones and words can hurt me: Words and phrases that trigger emotions in negotiations and their effects. International Journal of Conflict Management, 16(2), 102-127 Avivi, Y., Laurenceau, J., Carver, C. (2009). Linking relationship quality to perceived mutuality of relationship goals and perceived goal progress. Journal of Social Clinical Psychology, 28(2), 137-164 Wilmot, W. Hocker, J. (2011) Interpersonal Conflict, 8th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill. Longaretti, L. Wilson, J. (2006). The impact of perceptions on conflict management. Educational Research Quarterly, 29(4), 3-15. Hoffmann, M.H.G. (2005) Logical argument mapping: a method for overcoming cognitive problems of conflict management?, The International Journal of Conflict Management, 16 (4), pp. 304-334 [Online] Available at: https://nuweb.northumbria.ac.uk/library/norapowersearch/index.html (Accessed: 1 of February 2011). Donohue, W.A. (2003) The promise of an interaction-based approach to negotiation?, The International Journal of Conflict Management, 14 (3), pp. 167-176 [Online] Available at: https://nuweb.northumbria.ac.uk/library/norapowersearch/index.html (Accessed: 7 of February 2011).